Dr. Liu is a Research Fellow in the Foreign Policy Studies Department at the Asan Institute for Policy Studies. Dr. Liu has served in the Navy unit of China’s People’s Liberation Army (PLA) and was a United Nations Military Observer for the United Nations Mission for the Referendum in Western Sahara (2005-2006). He was previously an Associate Professor of the Research Center for National Defense Economics at the PLA National Defense University (1993-2011). He received his Ph.D. and M.A. in economics from the PLA National Defense University and his B.A. in philosophy from East China Normal University.